Power Switching Components by Kaveh Niayesh & Magne Runde

Author:Kaveh Niayesh & Magne Runde
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

4.1.2 Configurations

A substation consists of a number of high voltage components installed close to each other and connected with copper or aluminium conductors. Several types of current interrupting devices (circuit breakers, fuses, load break switches, disconnector switches) are used to change the grid configuration and/or to disconnect faulty parts. Earthing switches are used to ground components when maintenance or repair work is being carried out. Current and voltage transformers are used for metering and protection purposes; and surge arrestors for protecting against overvoltages.

There exists a large number of ways of connecting the different components into a complete substation. The chosen solution is typically a result of a trade-off between redundancy requirements (need for back up if some component fails and must be taken out of service) and total costs.

A common configuration or “architecture”, at least at the highest voltage levels, is to use what is usually referred to as double busbar/two-breaker system. Such a substation layout in a case with three branches, two transmission lines and one transformer branch, is shown in Fig. 4.1.

Fig. 4.1A double busbar/two-breaker substation with three branches (single line diagram). All breakers and earthing switches are drawn in open position

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